Lamb to the Slaughter and The Landlady by Roald Dahl

Sheep to the Slaughter and The Landlady by Roald Dahl Looking at TWO SHORT STORIES IN THIS UNIT, WRITE AN ESSAY DISUCSSING HOW ROALD HAS USED VARIOUS TECHNIQUES (INCLUDING THE USE OF LANGUAGE) TO ENTERTAIN, INTRIGUE AND SHOCK THE READER In this coursework I am going to contrast with short stories which are â€Å"Lamb to the Slaughter and â€Å"the Landlady† composed by Roald Dahl. Roald Dahl has some expertise recorded as a hard copy stories for kids in the twentieth Century. Roald Dahl is the creator of Factory, Charlie, Matilda , James and the Giant Peach and Georges Marvelous Medicine. He utilizes distinctive composing strategies so as to engage, interest and to stun the peruser or the crowd. Conceived on the thirteenth of September 1961 in LIandaff, South Wales. He never loved school since he said understudies were caned and instructors where shocking to them. In 1939 he joined the Royal Air Force when the World War II began and furthermore in 1940s he turned into the top of the line author he works with the two youngsters and grown-up. He composes short stories which make the peruser to think about what will occur toward the end. At the point when he got hitched, he separated from his significant other and later wedded Patricia Neal and brought forth five kids. He kicked the bucket on the 23 November 1990 at 74 years old. Sheep to the Slaughter Sheep to the Slaughter is a short story and is about a pregnant lady (Mary Mahoney) and her better half (Patrick Mahoney). Her better half went to work and she was trusting that the spouse will return home. â€Å"The room was warm and clean, the blinds drawn, the two table lamps† disclose to us that Mary Mahoney is in her home. At the point when the spouse returned from work, she attempted to make a discussion with the husband however the husband was not giving her consideration yet she realized that her significant other doesn't go on and on until his first beverage is done. She began getting stressed. Mary inquires as to whether he needed supper in any case, he denies each food she provided for him. At long last Patrick addressed Mary and said â€Å"So there it is†. â€Å"I know its sort of an awful an ideal opportunity to be letting you know, however there basically wasnt some other way†. Furthermore, he additionally said â€Å"of course Ill give you cash and see youre looked after†. This tells the peruser that Patrick is going to leave his pregnant spouse Mary. She would not like to accept what Patrick was stating , she despite everything requested to set him up supper, as she went to the freeze to get the leg of sheep, Patrick advised her not to make any supper for him since his going out. Mary utilizes the â€Å"big solidified leg of lamb† to hit Patrick on his head and he was all the while remaining there for around 4 5 seconds and fell on the rug. He was dead, Mary was astonished and stunned and this thus stuns the peruser as well. Mary immediately went to some staple goods to get a few potatoes and when she returned home, she called the police and said her significant other has been murdered. Then again the sheep was in the broiler cooking along these lines, the police was posing her inquiries and they were looking through the house. The specialist told the police that Patrick was hit in the head. Mary offer the polic e officers the sheep that she was cooking in the stove. As they were occupied with eating the sheep they never realized they were eating the proof and Mary began giggling. The Landlady The proprietor is a short story and is about a little fellow called Billy Weaver and a lady. Billy Weaver took a train from London and he shows up later than expected in Bath late which was nine oclock at night. He needed a modest inn where he can rest and they advised him to â€Å"Try The Bell and Dragon† and is a bar house. At the point when he was going he sees a sign â€Å"BED AND BREAKFAST†. â€Å"There was a container of pussywillows, tall and beautiful† this reveals to us that the house is decent. At the point when he rings the ringer and old woman addressed the entryway and advised him to come inside. The Landlady told when he goes up steps he should sign the visitor book. As Billy was marking the visitor he perceives two people groups names and they were the main names on the book and they are more than two years olds. He attempted to recall where he heard the names from. He recollects that one of them Eton was a school kid that vanished however for Mr T emple he was unable to recall. The Landlady told offer Billy tea and Billy could smell something that originates from the lady. Billy and Landlady began talking and she said the Eton and Temple was exceptionally attractive youngsters yet Billy was vastly improved. Billy inquired as to whether those individuals left the Bed and Breakfast as of late and she said both of the men are still in the fourth floor of the house. Billy was getting befuddled and he needed to discuss some else like the parrot in an enclosure. At the point when he was drinking his tea he sees a harsh almond taste and he ask the Landlady â€Å"Havent there been some other visitors here aside from them in the last a few years?† She answers by saying â€Å"No, my dear. Just you†. The composing method Roald Dahl utilizes engaging word in Lamb of the Slaughter â€Å"Warm and Clean† this reveals to us that the Mary Mahoney house is perfect. Then again he utilizes â€Å"But the air was savage cold and the breeze resembled a level edge of ice on his cheeks† depicts how chilly it was and Billy required a spot to rest. Roald additionally utilizes an analogy which is â€Å"to feel-nearly as a sunbather feels the sun that warm male glow† in the Lamb of the Slaughter and for the Landlady he utilizes â€Å"But the air was destructive cold and the breeze resembled a level cutting edge of ice on his cheeks.† Roald Dahl utilize a representation saying one thing is another â€Å"There was a moderate grinning air about her† .Roald Dahl likewise utilizes feeling word like â€Å"blissful† which implies it was a tranquil night for them additionally utilizes hyphen to isolated words like â€Å"bone-end† in the Lamb to the Slaughte r. Roald Dahl utilizes representation to give human characteristics to any in enliven object like in the Lamb of the Slaughter which was â€Å"The wind murmured his name and tormented her with his memory† this discloses to us that breeze can not murmur or torment. The similitudes of both short stories Mary Mahoney and the Landlady are ladies; both are short stories. The two stories topic are murder and which were submitted by them (ladies). From the start the two women is been depicted similar to a pleasant liberal and woman â€Å"she took his jacket and hung it in the closet† reveals to us how mindful and decent she is to her better half, anyway when the Landlady offers Billy some tea gives us that she is pleasant and only one out of every odd Bed and Breakfast proprietor will offer their clients free teas. Be that as it may, toward the finish of the two stories Mary Mahoney and the Landlady lets us know (peruser) that they are not so much pleasant women which interest the peruser. The contrast between Lamb to the Slaughter and the Landlady is that Mary Mahoney didn't intend to execute her significant other whiles the Landlady has murdered two individuals before Meaning she was wanting to murder Billy Weaver too. In any case, Mary was pregnant and she has a spouse which is Patrick and the Landlady was old and she doesn't have a husband. The two ladies utilize various approaches to execute. Mary utilizes the solidified sheep she needed to cooked for her better half Patrick whiles the Landlady harmed Billys tea. The temperament (climate) of the Landlady is, blustery and cold which gives the peruser a thought of what the story will resemble. Additionally the disposition of the Lamb to the butcher was quiet and warm toward the start however toward the end it was somewhat entertaining and frightening since when the police officers where eating the sheep Mary â€Å"giggle† . The amusing scene of the Lamb to the Slaughter is that Mary executes Patrick while she arranged the leg of sheep for the cops to eat which implies that they are eating the homicide weapon while they were eating it they said the weapon may be â€Å"right under their noses†. This reveals to us that the story could have finished bad but since the police officers ate the leg of sheep they can not get any proof. The creation and pressure in the landlord is an awfulness story in light of the fact that the proprietor was quite liberal to Billy and when he understand that the two visitors and parrot was killed by the landowner he got frightened and confounded. The police were eating the proof which was directly under noses and I figure it will be hard to track down reality which makes a stun to the peruser. It likewise stuns the peruser how Mary Mahoney was a caring spouse and go up to be an executioner. In the Landlady it likewise stuns the peruser when Billy inquired as to whether it was only two individuals that have been in the Bed and Breakfast as of late for the last a few years and she said yes which stunned us. Roald Dahl put the peruser on anticipation since when she executes her better half Patrick, she considered the police that make us tension that they are going to discover proof or discover who murdered her significant other and she even gave them the sheep to eat making us on edge that they are going to discover what occurred. For the Landlady Roald Dahl put us in anticipation that is when â€Å"she gives him a little grin as she answers, â€Å"No, my dear. Just you.† This makes us the peruser get on edge to know whether Billy was executed by the Landlady. In my decision I will say that Mary Mahoney was furious and she needed retribution since spouse Patrick was going to leave her and she was half year pregnant. She didn't think before acting and she didn't intend to slaughter the spouse. For the Landlady I think she was forlorn and dismal. She was decent yet toward the end she got insidious. I additionally think she wiped out on the grounds that everyone that goes to her Bed and Breakfast she murdered them even the canine and parrot. She executed them without feeling awful or in any event, showing benevolence toward them.

PUBLIC SERVICE MATTERS SPOTLIGHT CONTEST Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Open SERVICE MATTERS SPOTLIGHT CONTEST - Essay Example These administrations are given to the general population by the legislature since they are extravagant and in this way can be an unfruitful speculation to the private area. For instance, it would be pricey for a privately owned business to develop streets and offer to the general population. Another explanation might be that a few administrations are exceptionally delicate to be left in the hands of the private part. For instance, the general security of the general population can't be left in the hands of the private segment. These are among numerous variables that may cause the administration to be engaged with the arrangement of the open help. The effects of the open administrations are both positive and negative contingent upon the earnestness of the legislature in control. In the event that the administration strategies focus on an appropriate arrangement of the administration approaches, the final result is that the ways of life of the individuals are raised, however on the of f chance that the legislature doesn't actualize the arrangements well, at that point the ways of life of the individuals decay. Open assistance can likewise be influenced by movement. This point can well be comprehended in the case of open assistance corresponding to movement, in the United Kingdom. The U.S congress is known to be ruled by men, however the couple of ladies have made a gigantic showing in the open help. The bipartisan board of trustees settled the administration shutdown down contain ladies, for example, Lisa Murkowski, Jeane Shaheen, Heidi Hitkamp and Amy Klobuchar (Citizen for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, 2014). These ladies exhibited that the open help can work better when ladies are in charge. John McCain commended the job of ladies in the bipartisan board for sparing the administration conclusion. Another remarkable community worker who has been on the spotlight light is Rep. Paul Ryan. He and other spending panel individuals help a somewhat partitioned house pass a spending that settled on programs pushed by the Democrats and the Republican. The administration of the

Students Rights in Private School

Understudies Rights in Private School The rights which you delighted in as an understudy in state funded school are not really a similar when you go to non-public school. That is on the grounds that everything relating to your stay at tuition based school, particularly life experience school, is administered by something many refer to as agreement law. This is essential to see particularly with regards to infractions of the order rules or set of principles. Lets take a gander at the realities about understudies rights in tuition based school. Truth: Students Rights in Private Schools Are Not the Same as Those in the Public School Systems The Center for Public Education notes: The obstacles raised by the U. S. Constitutions Fourth and Fifth Amendments are selective to the countries state funded schools. Private K-12 organizations have unmistakably more space to lead free examinations, retain discoveries in the event that they pick, and unceremoniously ask an understudy or employee to leave. Educational cost and business contracts rule tuition based school connections, while Americas social reduced and legitimate agreement (the Constitution) oversees how open authorities must act. In Loco Parentis U.S. Constitution.net says something regarding the subject of In Loco Parentis, a Latin expression meaning actually instead of guardians: As private establishments, tuition based schools are not dependent upon any limitations regarding infringement of the privileges of understudies. Subsequently, while a government funded school may need to demonstrate that its infringement are for a higher reason or come from its in loco parentis obligations, a tuition based school may set cutoff points self-assertively. I don't get This' meaning for Private School Students? Fundamentally, it implies that in the event that you go to a tuition based school, you are not secured by indistinguishable laws from you were the point at which you went to state funded school. Non-public schools are secured by something many refer to as agreement law. It implies that schools have the right, and commitment, to go about as lawful watchmen for understudies to guarantee their wellbeing. Practically, that additionally implies youd better observe the standards, especially the ones which have genuine punishments for any infraction. Taking an interest in exercises like right of passage, cheating, sexual unfortunate behavior, substance misuse, etc, will land you in a tough situation. Play with these and you will wind up suspended or ousted. You dont need those sorts of sections on your school record when it comes time to apply to college.â What Are Your Rights? How might you discover what your privileges are at your non-public school? Start with your understudy handbook. You marked a record showing that you had perused the handbook, got it and would maintain it. Your folks likewise marked a comparable record. Those reports are lawful agreements. They illuminate the principles which oversee your relationship with your school. Opportunity of Choice Keep in mind: on the off chance that you dont like the school or its guidelines, you don't need to go to it. That is another motivation behind why it is so significant for you to discover the school which is the best met for your requirements and prerequisites. Responsibility The net impact of agreement law in accordance with understudies is that it makes understudies responsible for their activities. For instance, on the off chance that you are found smoking pot nearby and the school has a zero-resilience strategy with respect to smoking pot, you will be in a difficult situation. You will be considered responsible for your activities. The audit and results will be quick and last. On the off chance that you were in state funded school, you could guarantee assurance under your sacred rights. The procedure ordinarily is extensive and might incorporate interests. Making understudies responsible shows them a significant exercise in living. Making understudies responsible likewise makes safe schools and an atmosphere helpful for learning. On the off chance that you will be considered responsible for harassing or threatening a colleague, you most likely arent going to take the risk of doing it and getting captured. The results are excessively extreme. Since each understudy in a non-public school is administered by contract law and the arrangements in the agreement between you, your folks and the school, set aside some effort to acquaint yourself with the guidelines and guidelines. On the off chance that you dont get something, approach your personnel consultant for a clarification. Disclaimer: Be certain to audit any lawful inquiries and issues with a lawyer. Article altered by Stacy Jagodowski

The 7 Deadly Sins of Studying

Have you ever endlessly studied for a test only to find out that you didn’t pass? We have all been there at one point or another. You study tirelessly and feel confident you know the material, only to not pass. It feels awful, but how do you fix it? First, analyze how your studying! Are you committing one of the 7 deadly sins of studying? Sin 1: Docile studying This is the type of studying where you merely reread a passage. You don’t engage the material in anyway and lack focus on what you are trying to retain. You can tell if your docile studying when you try to think about what you just read, and can’t remember. Try engaging the material in a more active way, such as writing it down as you read or reading out loud! Sin 2: Cramming Cramming may seem like the logical thing to do before a test, but think again! Spreading out studying over a longer period of time will be more effective than trying to cram large amounts of material into your mind overnight- or even worse the day of. While you may retain some information, you will not wholly learn the material. The key to retention in repetition, so try studying over a longer span of time! Sin 3: â€Å"Study Buddies† Studying in groups can be very effective, but studying with friends can go wrong very fast. It is easy to become distracted when studying with friends so make sure that you stay on task! If you find yourself becoming distracted, try breaking up studying and chatting into blocks. For example, group study one section for 20 minutes and chat/break for 5! Sin 4: Studying instead of sleep This is similar to cramming, because often, we stay up late cramming. Staying up late the night before an exam is a bad idea for several reasons. One, you need to be well rested the night before a test! Not enough sleep can be detrimental because you may have a harder time remembering important information. Two, the later you stay up, the less focused you become due to drowsiness. This will also affect your memory. Bottom line- sleep! Sin 5: Poor notes When you’re studying, make sure you have well written notes and flashcards. Studying wrong, complicated, and/or incomplete information will obviously prove to be useless. If you find that you are studying often but still are not passing an exam, consider revising your notes! Maybe they need more detail. Notes need love too! Sin 6: Scattered studying This is just randomly studying material with no rhyme or reason. Adding structure to your study routine will help you focus. Once you can structure what you need to study, it will be easier to break down and remember! An easy way to structure what you need to study is to visualize it. Try creating a flow chart or time sequence of what you need to study. Sin 7: Lying to yourself At one point or another, we have all skipped studying all together. If we think the material is easy will tell ourselves that we don’t need to study and walk into an exam without preparation. Even if you think you know the information, study and quiz yourself a bit in order to be sure! Studying can never hurt, especially if you do it right! Not studying, of course, can seriously hurt.

Inundation Distribution Of The Study Area - 1542 Words

3. Methods Since the study area is surrounded by two major rivers the vast plains and fans are suspected to contain some level water logging. For this study the inundation distribution of the study area is taken from PNG Resource Information System (PNGRIS, 2008). The data is in polygon shape file format and coded with classes of inundation types from ‘tidal flooding, permanent flooding to the least as ‘no flooding’. For this study ‘no flooding’ level is excluded. According to PNG forestry logging practices, swamp forest are not to be logged. Swampy forests must be avoided as much as possible during logging operations. However, for this study it used to for the post-classification process purposely for refining classified swamp forest†¦show more content†¦The target class was forest class. In level 2 eight (8) classes were used (Table 1) based on the PNG forest base map of 2012 and forest inventory mapping system (FIMS) classification (McAlpine and Quigl ey, 1998). Level 2 is the lowest classification level achieved through the post-classification process. Additional classes are applied to describe the selectively harvested areas which are identified when conducting the supervised classification of the preceding years (2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015). Above-ground biomass sites will be treated as secondary training sets to transformed LULC maps to AGB maps for carbon change assessment as one option. The other option is to be used after the LULC goes through change detection process (spatially). Supervised classification method was applied to Vailala Block 3 Landsat AGP images from 1995 to 2015. This method allows the user to identify training areas that are used to teach the image on what pixel range to be classified according to user LULC descriptions (Samanta et al., 2011). For this study the parametric method know as maximum likelihood under the decision rule statistical approach was used to run all the supervised classification from 1995 and 2015. Table 1. Land use and land cover types with codes Post-classification or reassessment of a classed image is performed to refine the classified image. YearShow MoreRelatedThe Sea Level Of Bangladesh1548 Words   |  7 Pagesimmensely negative (Cazenave and Nicholls 2010).For example, based on national studies, a 1 m rise could cause losses of about 9.5 million tons of rice in Bangladesh (Mimura and Nicholls 2008). Rice is the staple crop of half of world’s population and it is the most major staple sustenance for Bangladesh. Sea level Rise will result in a food crisis in some regions of Bangladesh especially southern sub-regions as these areas are most vulnerable to flooding due to sea level rise; hence, rice productionRead MoreTsunamis: How Oregon Can Better Prepare for Cascadia Essay1295 Words   |  6 Pages Tsunami hazard assessment in Oregon started with an inundation simulation in the Siletz Bay. Various parameters were tested with different inundation estimates and run-up from past tsunami deposits (Priest, 2001, 55 ). Inundation maps were then created furthermore in the Oregon Building Code, Oregon limited construction of new important or hazardous buildings in tsunami inundation zones indicated by the inundation maps. Zones that these maps are based on use the Cascadia event in 1700 as a â€Å"mostRead MoreGlobal Warming : Climate Change1592 Words   |  7 Pageset al., studies indicate that global temperature increased 0.70 to 0.75ââ€" ¦C during 1910 to 2009 [6]. 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A Modest Proposal And The Handmaids Tale - 1592 Words

Satire is used to criticize and point out society’s flaws. The criticism is usually masked in humour. The irony is commonly used in satires to expose flaws, an effective example is John Smith’s A Modest Proposal, he effectively uses irony, to communicate his argument about the poverty in Ireland at the time. Similarly, Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale criticizes the society that women have to live in. Atwood uses allusions to the Old Testament and historical events to satirize the oppression of women in political, religious and social aspects. Atwood parallels the Cultural Revolution in China to the how the Gilead government gains power and control over the United States. The Chinese communist leader, Mao Zedong launched the†¦show more content†¦The trials took place in Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1693. Accused witches were victims of mob mentality, mass hysteria and scapegoating. The trials began after a group of girls acted st rangely and a local doctor suggested they were bewitched. The girls accused a local slave and other women of bewitching them. The witch trials took place in front of the public. In the novel, dead bodies are hung on the wall for illegal acts. This puts fear into people and allows you to control them, which is how Gilead is able to control the people. Furthermore, Gilead society is very similar to the Taliban principles. Some of the principles Taliban put in place include women being not allowed to work, ban on female activity outside the house, women wear a long veil from head to toe, and ban on cosmetics, high heels, perfume, laughing and colourful clothing. These rules are very similar to how women have to behave in the novel, â€Å"By silencing women and taking all sorts of power from women, Gilead society remains in control.† (Yazdani 86). These bans are justified in Gilead, because they were put in place to protect women from dangerous men. Atwood parallels the Gilead so ciety to Taliban principles to show us that we should not take things literally from religious books because those books were written in a very different time from what we live in now. It serves as a warning to our world (the USA and Canada) and howShow MoreRelatedCultural Criticism In The Handmaids Tale By Margaret Atwood1011 Words   |  5 Pageswide range of topics to analyze literature. Cultural criticism considers a variety of perspectives and branches of knowledge to discover the compilation of beliefs and customs that characterize a group of people. For a cultural reading of The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood, a cultural critic would consider the historical background paired with theories such as Marxism and feminism to make assumptions about what culture engendered the creation of this novel. 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Gold Mining Hedging Instruments

Question: Discuss about the Gold Mining Hedging Instruments. Answer: The gold mining companies selling their commodity in the country of India is exposed to mainly three types of risks which are as follows: Commodity Price Risk Foreign Exchange Rate Risk Interest Rate Risk The risk of the commodity prices is somewhat equal to the risk of the gold prices, which is the change in the prices of gold. This affects the values of the assets, profitability f the operations and the cash flows that are generated from those operations. These affect the companies that are involved in the process of gold mining (Greenbaum, 2011) The prices of the gold is affected by a number of different factors which are as follows: Demand that exists for the gold in both the jewellery and also in the uses in the companies and in the industries The international, regional, political and the economic trends that exists in the country The relative strength of the US dollars of the other currencies The expectations of the financial market The activities that are included in the speculation The amount of the reserves that the company has The forward sale of the company The production and the level of cost of the gold (Fang et al, 2017) In respect of the risk in the foreign exchange, there is a change in the values of the currencies of both the countries that are involved. The companies have their mining operations, activities along with the investments outside the countries since they do not know the place wherein the ore bodies are embedded. Hence, the revenues and the costs are entered into in the foreign currency. The negative movement of the company would affect the cash flows, profitability of the company (Fang, 2017). In respect of the risk of the interest rate, it affects the cash balance the amounts of the borrowings, the long term debts, the hedging activities, the return on the assets and the value of the firm. There is a reduction in the rate of the interest and also an increase in the lease rates of the gold that has an adverse impact on the price of the contract of the new gold and also on the difference that exists between the price of the gold and also in the current spot price. An effective management of the risk for all of the gold mining companies depends on the decisions and the strategies that are adopted by the company for the purposes of risk management. The techniques and the products that the gold producers could use includes the future contracts, gold loans, spot deferred contracts, forward sales of the gold, gold swaps and the put options for the purposes of hedging themselves as against the exposures (Betts, 2017). The companies could also use the derivatives for the gold price risk such as the forward contacts, spot deferred contract, put and call option and the gold lease rate swaps. The most common used forward contracts as being the hedging instruments are due to the introduction of SFAS no. 133/138. This allows the producers of the gold not to consider their sales contracts as the instruments of the derivatives as long as the same are considered to be the normal sales. The gold mining companies could also record the proceeds under the stated contract as revenue and could also be held off the financial statement unless and until they mature. Also, unless and until the date of the delivery approaches of the gold in the future. The gold mining companies also use currency forwards and currency options. Due to the fact that the gold is quoted and also traded in US dollars, the gold producers with the operations and the investment are very much large in number and in respect of the countries that are outside the US and hence, would be exposed to the risks of the foreign exchange rate. The gold mining companies also use the medium to the long term horizon interest rate swap. The risk of the interest rates are also seen as one of the most important things as the risk of the gold prices along with the currency are due to the low leverage in the industry of the gold mining. Hence, in the nutshell, the following could be used as hedging instruments: Currency forwards Currency options Forward contracts Spot deferred contract Put and call option Gold lease rate swaps Future Contacts Gold loan Gold Swaps Spot deferred contract Forward sales of gold Put options (Insurance purpose) References: apmr.management.ncku.edu.tw. (2017).Optimal Hedging Decisions for Gold Miners: How Much Future Production Should a Gold Miner Forward Sell?. [online] Available at: https://apmr.management.ncku.edu.tw/comm/upfile/File0806111163.pdf [Accessed 9 May 2017]. Open.uct.ac.za. (2011).The use of derivatives in the mining sector: a comparative analysis of companies listed in South Africa, Australia and the UK. [online] Available at: https://open.uct.ac.za/bitstream/item/10774/thesis_com_2011_greenbaum_m.pdf?sequence=1 [Accessed 9 May 2017]. pdfs.semanticscholar.org. (2017).An Empirical Study of Derivatives Usage in the Australian Gold Mining Industry.. [online] Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/909c/91f51b4ecec6bde0fa3082fd0ef0fe384bea.pdf [Accessed 9 May 2017]. www.mssanz.org.au. (2017).Hedging financial stress. [online] Available at: https://www.mssanz.org.au/MODSIM01/Vol%203/Fang.pdf [Accessed 9 May 2017].

Pacific Grove Summary Essay Example

Pacific Grove Summary Essay The Pacific Grove Spice Company is currently searching for a new business venture that will help relieve some of the current financial restraints put on the company by their bank. Pacific Grove sources funds through this large regional bank in the form of short-term notes payable (backed by the companys accounts receivable) and long-term debt supported by the firms other assets and earnings power. The bank has been willing to lend up to 81 % of the companys accounts receivable, an amount that Pacific Grove is constantly at the limit of, due to the fact that the company has been experiencing robust growth in sales and assets. Due to the financial crisis of 2008, banks were under constant pressure to limit possible losses on loans. Pacific Groves current total debt is $37. 172 million, which is equal to 62% of its total assets and 216% of owners equity, while the companys equity multiplier is 3. 47 and its times interest earned was only 2. 15 times. Because Pacific Groves total debt is so high, the bank isnt as comfortable with lending as it once was. The bank has made it clear that it would like to Pacific Groves total debt come down to 55%, while bringing the equity multiplier down to less than 2. Times by June 30, 2012. After performing a financial ratio analysis, the executive staff and finance department of Pacific Grove has projected that although it will not meet the banks terms by 201 2, it will meet them over the next four years through a combination of a slow down from previously robust sales growth, the stabilization of operating income and a new business venture. The business venture being cons idered by Pacific Grove is a television program that the company will both produce and sponsor. We will write a custom essay sample on Pacific Grove Summary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pacific Grove Summary specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pacific Grove Summary specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Using Life Theoretical Perspectives to Explain Helping Behaviour Essays

Using Life Theoretical Perspectives to Explain Helping Behaviour Essays Using Life Theoretical Perspectives to Explain Helping Behaviour Essay Using Life Theoretical Perspectives to Explain Helping Behaviour Essay Essay Topic: Life Of Pi USING LIFE THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES TO EXPLAIN HELPING BEHAVIOUR. A theory, according to Lahey (2003), is a tentative explanation of facts and relationships in Science. Mylers (1995) also defines a theory as an integrated set of principles that organize and predicts observable behaviours or events. Also a theory is a comprehensive explanation of natural phenomena which leads to accurate prediction. In Psychology, there are various theoretical perspectives. They are the learning (behavioral) theory, Psychoanalytical theory, Humanistic theory, Cognitive theory, Biological theory, Evolutionary theory and Socio- cultural theory. Helping behaviour is a desirable behaviour in the society. We can use the various perspectives to explain helping behaviour. According to the learning (behavioral) theory by J. B Watson, we are the products of learning and associations. We are the end results of all the different events we have been exposed to throughout life, the types of responses we have made to them and the consequences of making those responses thus either rewards or punishments. J. B Watson was an early behaviorist, but one of the most famous recent behaviorists is B. F Skinner and he believed that we are controlled by the environment in the sense that we become whatever the environment forces us to be. Using this to explain helping behaviour we can say that if a person is rewarded for his or her helping behaviour he or she would keep to helping people. For instance, Jeffrey helps an old lady to cross the street whenever he meets her. The old lady gives Jeffrey toffees whenever he helps her. Therefore Jeffrey helps anybody he sees because he knows he would be rewarded for his actions. Psychoanalytical theory by Sigmund Freud is perhaps the most interesting as well as controversial of all the theories of psychology. Freud developed a theory that centered on sexual and aggressive impulses that are hidden in our unconscious minds from early childhood. These impulses live below the surfaces of consciousness and there control our everyday behaviour in ways we are not aware of. Since helping behaviour is consciously done, therefore we cannot use psychoanalytical theory to explain it. Humanistic theory focuses on positive aspects of life and humanists say human beings possess free will. To Carl Roger, the most famous humanist, all humans have an innate tendency to fulfill their potentials. He calls this actualization. To humanists, each of us is like the perfect seed. If we get the right amount of water, nutrients and sunlight from the environment, we will become a perfect flower. For instance, Phoebe is in the university. She has the free will to help with the developmental projects in her hall, so she contests and wins the vice president of Jean Nelson Aka Hall. At the end of her term in office, she is praised for all her efforts and good work s. Although this is a reward to her she has also gained self actualization. With the cognitive theory, it takes the position that human behaviour can be understood in terms of how the individual processes information mentally. The perspective is therefore interested in how the individual’s thoughts, expectations, language, perception, problem solving, consciousness, creativity, and other mental processes such as memory, decision making, and judgment help in the explanation and understanding of his or her behaviour. For instance, Maxwell is sitting in front of his house; he then sees a little girl falls down. Although there were people around he thought about one or two things and then he rushed to pick the little girl up. The biological theoretical perspective of life is based on the assumption that all behaviours correspond in one way or the other to the activities of the brain and the nervous system. In the contest of this perspective, individuals differ because they are born with different genes, develop slightly different brain and hormonal patterns. In summary, the perspective seeks to explain behaviour through the activities of the brain and nervous system, physiology, genetics, the endocrine system, biochemistry and evolution. For instance, Jemima is takes her baby out and put her on a mat under a tree while sitting by her because the room is too hot. Five minutes later she falls asleep. She later hears the dog barking loudly. She opens her eyes and to her dismay, she finds a snake using her baby as a pathway on its travels. She quickly takes her baby and helps him back into the room. Here Jemima used her ear and brain to help the baby survive. With evolutional theory, it focuses on how human beings have adapted the behaviour required for survival in the face of environmental pressures. It is that trait that helps survival become universal in species. Basically, it talks about inherited traits that help adapt to one’s environment. Emphasis is also on the influence of genes on behaviour. For instance, Jenny’s mum has taught her that in their community if you don’t help somebody nobody would help you when you are in need so she grown to know that you have to do unto others what you want others to do unto you. She therefore helps her neighbors to wash because she knows when it is time to wash her own they might help her. Lastly, in recent years, psychology has begun to look more closely at how much we are influenced by our culture. Thus, the socio-cultural theoretical perspective of life has an impact of specific social, ethnic, racial, and religious groups on behavior. For instance, Ewura Adjoa is an Akan and every Akan is obliged to help an elderly person with anything at all being it water, fetching wood, fanning the fire, help in cooking, washing bowls irrespective of the relationship you have with him or her, thus to say Ewura Adjoa must help anybody and not only her parents or elder siblings therefore that explains why Ewura Adjoa has a special helping behaviour. A suburban American child like Andreas would not make an attempt to help his dad with his bag after his dad comes from work. This is because, that is not his culture. Therefore, from the above explanation, we can learn how life theoretical perspectives can be using to explain helping behaviour.

Materials Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Materials Engineering - Assignment Example The bondage between the molecules is broken. In this region, the material can regain its original shape after the removal of the loading or rather the stress. At this juncture, the material obeys Hooke’s law and the stress and strain relate proportionally, and the constant of proportionality is the modulus of elasticity. The structure of the particles is not altered which explains the reason the material regains it original shape after the removal of the stress. It is the region just after the elastic limit. It is characterized by the graph flattening indicating destroyed proportionality between the stress and strain. Plastic deformations creep in, and the material loses the ability to regain fully its shape and size after the stress has been released. It takes place due to rearrangement of the molecular or atomic structure that allows for the new shape and size. Found just after the yielding region. It is characterized by a slight rise of the curve to the ultimate stress point. The behavior is due to the strength of the deformed atoms or molecules having a slight ability to withstand more stress up to the point beyond which complete deformation takes place. The rise of the curve in this region is what is termed as strain hardening. It is the region beyond the ultimate stress point. In this region, a further increase of the stress leads to a reduction of the cross section of the material only in some parts and not the entire material. The constrictions formed are what is referred to as necking. It is the continuous reduction of the cross section area that leads to the breakage and thus separation of the material. Metallic materials are ductile thus has the ability to deform plastically up to some extent. On the graph, it is represented by the region beyond the proportional limit where the elastic limit has been exceeded. Force

Letter of Motivation in masters of public policy Essay

Letter of Motivation in masters of public policy - Essay Example As a responsible citizen I would like to participate in the process of addressing delicate questions of internet regulations, regarding protection of privacy, security and access of information. The main problem is the misuse of these media for crimes including terrorist activities. Thus, I personally feel that framing suitable public policies has become a matter of top priority in the modern world. My basic interest in this branch of academics stems from my realization of the problem in its right perspective. I further feel that I will be able to contribute to positive outcomes in this regard, if I can combine personal interest with academic knowledge. My keen interest in gaining in depth knowledge on this topic and my yearning to contribute to this field has bred in me the desire to pursue a Masters in Public Policy. I want to explore the possibilities ICT holds for improving information and service delivery. In order to achieve my objectives, a more pluralistic approach for internet governance is required. This will enable me to incorporate in my professional life an understanding of the different industries affecting public policy today. The MPP program, in its broad and contextually imbedded approach, would provide ample opportunities to develop and expand the necessary skill sets to understand technology driven governance. I am eager to develop an understanding of the complexity behind the questions of media globalization and to master the skills to analyse and employ this shift of power in modern democracies. I also expect the course to equip me with the ability to understand these two forces which are indispensable in the c reation of modern public policy. My degree in Global Communications and Business Administration from the American University of Paris, serves as a solid base. I chose this program to establish a broad perspective of cultural,

Victorian era Essay Example for Free

Victorian era Essay The Hound Of The Baskervilles is an intricate crime detective novel, which is a part of the classic British detective genre. It is set in romantic landscapes surrounded by more land giving the tale the perfect setting for supernatural behaviour. In association with the required Victorian taste, justice prevails at the end of the novel where the detectives discover the true culprits of the crime showing the reader that wrong doings can be overcome as well as reassuring them morally and socially that they are safe. Chapter 14 is one of the most important chapters in the novel because all the unknown events finally become answered in a manner, which would be believable in the 18th century. In the climatic chapter Conan Doyle uses heavy atmosphere and mood to develop variable psychological effects from using devices like fear, shock, surprise or and unexpected twist in the plot from unsuspected occurrences. In this 18th century story, pathetic fallacy is used to accentuate the weather scenarios and environments, which is of the Victorian era, particularly at the time where ghostly mysterious tales were very popular. Any classic British detective always traditionally has a sidekick. In the case of Sherlock Holmes his sidekick is Dr Watson who is an incredibly intelligent character and is addicted to opium. The relationship between Watson and Holmes is a very strong one and is held together by a grand admiration on Watsons part. Watsons admiration is proven in the quote: He had never said as much before, and I must admit that his words gave me a keen pleasure. This shows us Watson is incredibly excited by the fact that Holmes had recognised him and that he has an extreme admiration for him that any accomplishments would be a pleasurable experience. Holmes thinks of Watson as a friend, companion and an assistant if not his conductor of light, this means that Watson is not a genius but he occasionally gives Holmes inspiration to see unseen factors. In Chapter 14 we see the character of Holmes to be very much a genius as he has completely unravelled the curse and has proved it to be physical so that he can actually deal with it, therefore it is definitely a murder case, and the idea of it been supernatural has been dismissed. This is proven in the quote, Its dead whatever it is, said Holmes, We laid the familys ghosts once and forever. Watsons character as the sidekick is shown immensely well in chapter 14, as he witness and tells of Holmess physical and mental superiority and Watson is shown average compared to Holmes. Never have I seen a man run as Holmes did that night. I am reckoned fleet of foot, but he out paced me as much as I out paced the little professor. But in the next instance Holmes had emptied five barons of his revolver into the creatures flank. These quotes illustrate that even though Watson is good physically and mentally quite sharp, more so even than the little professor, Lestrade, but compared to Holmes he is inferior. Holmes is proven to be an amateur detective shown to us by the presence of Lestrade, the actual police officer who is there to make lawful arrest. Are you armed Lestrade? The little detective smiled as long as I have my trouser, I have a hit pocket, and as long as I have a hit pocket I have something in it. This statement can also be interpreted to be a very inappropriate joke and clashes with the serious detective genre. The use of melodramatic speech in chapter 14 is of such an extent that to the modern era it would be out of place but for the Victorian era, which it was written for, it seems intricately placed relating to the strong beliefs of the Victorians. Watson clearly describes the use of melodrama in the quotation, As her beautiful head fell upon her chest I saw the clear red weal of a whiplash across her neck The brust! cried Holmes. This speech is very melodramatic and re-enforces how significant harming a women was in the time of the Victorian. Conan Doyle, in chapter 14 of the Hound of the Baskervilles uses a vast amount of melodramatic description of the hounds to create tension. For example, fire burst from its open mouth, its eyes glowing with a smouldering glare. This portrayal of the hound would be immensely alarming to the reader forcing them into the belief that it would almost be impossible for any man to defeat a beast with such fearsome characteristics. Conan Doyle generates atmospheric suspense by explaining how the facial expressions relate to exactly to what is happening to them. We see this in the quotation; Sir Henry looked back, his face white in the moonlight, his hands raised in horror, glaring helplessly at the frightful thing which was hunting him down. The melodramatic description used here explaining the fear that had amounted on Sir Henry as the hound was ready to pounce on him effectively shows us the horrific situation he is in and that the death, and the curse of the Baskervilles is finally coming to an end. Conan Doyle conveys the mood and atmosphere through using exceptionally detailed descriptions of the surrounds, and much usage of different weather patterns to set a certain ambience, all giving out a fairly tense and mysterious effect. In chapter 14, Dartmoor is described as having a glooming curve with jagged, and sinister hills these adjectives have connotations of depression, and not anything being smooth as if something is wrong. This description darkens the atmosphere and prepares the audience for bad forthcoming events, which makes the reader feel menacing atmosphere. One of the most important senses known to man is sight. As there is lack of light on the moor the detectives result in using their hearing to its full extent. Their hearing seems to be amplified somewhat making any sound that is heard become an eerie one of danger and supernatural behaviour. In the beginning of the chapter there is very heavy fog, which creates a dismal yet mysterious atmosphere, it states the fog to be so heavy that it might have impaired their vision when they were tracking down the hound. The fog in this chapter plays a key part because it stands for the ignorance of the characters, and acts as an excuse to explain what they do not fully understand. To Holmes the fog is, The one thing which could have disarranged my plans. As the story become less of a mystery when they find that they can explain the bizarre antics of the hound the fog dies out. Phosphorus. I said. A cunning preparation of it, Holmes said. This quote explains, using scientific reasons, for the hound behaviour. All the questions have become answered and in the Victorian era, the much-appreciated use of scientific knowledge helped to resolve them, leaving the reader feeling at ease and satisfied.

A Christian View of Suffering Essay -- The Value of Suffering

The concept of suffering plays an important role in Christianity, regarding such matters as moral conduct, spiritual advancement and ultimate destiny. Indeed an emphasis on suffering pervades the Gospel of Mark where, it can be argued, we are shown how to "journey through suffering" (Ditzel 2001) in the image of the "Suffering Son of Man" (Mark 8:32), Jesus Christ. Although theologians have suggested that Mark was written to strengthen the resolve of the early Christian community (Halpern 2002, Mayerfeld 2005), the underlying moral is not lost on a modern reader grappling with multifarious challenges regarding faith in the face of suffering. In his article "A Christian Response to Suffering", William Marravee (1987) describes suffering as an "experience over which we men and women continue to stumble and fall". The way we view God is crucial to the way we view suffering according to Marravee, who delineates the disparity between a view of God as an ‘outsider’ and the biblical image of God – where God is an ‘insider’ who suffers with us in our struggle. This essay seeks to explain the Christian view of suffering and the purpose suffering can have in our lives. Suffering is an individual's basic affective experience of pain or distress, often as a result of one’s physical, emotional or spiritual circumstance (Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy 2006). Suffering can be classified as physical; for example pain caused by a dislocated knee, emotional; for example one’s grief over the death of a loved one, or spiritual; which is described as the state of being separated from the blissful nature of your divine self (soul). To suffer physically or emotionally is often unavoidable; however it can be argued that spiritual liberation... ...s distributed in Theology 101 at the University of Notre Dame, Fremantle on 22 April 2008. Marravee. W, 1987, â€Å"A Christian Response to Suffering†, Review for Religious, no. 46, pp. 256-260. Mayerfeld. J, 2005, Suffering and Moral Responsibility. New York: Oxford University Press. Pope John Paul II (1984), Apostolic Letter: SALVIFICI DOLORIS, [Online], Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Available at: http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_letters/documents/hf_jpapl_11021984_salvifici-doloris_en.html [27 April 2008]. Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy (2006), Suffering [Online], Metaphysics Research Lab, Available at: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pleasure/ [3 May 2008]. Trip, D. (1999), â€Å"The Christian view of suffering† [Online], Exploring Christianity. Available from: http://www.christianity.co.nz/suffer4.htm [Accessed 18 April 2008].

Organization development Essay

This paper presents an overview of an article by Padraig Healy on training in Zimbabwean public sector organizations. It outlines the methods of organization development as detailed by Healy and offers a critique of the article produced as a report on the implementation of his own training program as an alternative to previously implemented ones. The paper then goes on to assess the company Petroleum Development Oman, offering insights into the company’s leadership structure, organizational culture, communication practices, and organizational structure. It also offers some analysis of these practices in light of organization development theory. Article Idea Summarized In the article by Padraig Healy, â€Å"Training and Public Sector Reform: An Integrated Approach,† the author defines organization development as a strategic method of defining and aligning companies underlying goals in an effort to increase its effectiveness within the sphere of its operation. Healy reminds his readers that one of the main goals of such development is to facilitate the organization’s ability to compete with rival companies, and such competition takes place at the levels of performance and output. He emphasizes that it is through carefully planned developmental strategies as well as through their proper execution that these goals can be met. He shows, also, that the ability to set and achieve these goals is of immense importance to managers in today’s work environments. Healy demonstrates his understanding of the need for training in building company capacity. Yet the article then gets more specific in addressing the limitations of training as a stand-alone method of organizational development. As a method of strengthening the capacity of an organization to handle all the aspects of its responsibilities, Healy offers an alternative that mixes capacity building with a top-down cultivation of trust between/among managers and employees (Lesmeister, 1992). It therefore goes without saying that the role of the manager is indispensable to the proper development of any organization, whose efforts are to be coupled with an thorough understanding of the organization’s culture in order to attain the general and specific developmental goals set forth for the company. Discussion of themes and arguments Healy begins his article with a discussion of organizational development. He stresses the fact that managers cannot afford to consider organization development as something that takes place spontaneously. Rather, he shows how it is generated through the orchestrated efforts of the stakeholders involved in a particular company. Planning is particularly necessary as such development involves a long range approach and a long-term commitment to the general course of action decided upon (CODL, 2004; Leadership and Organization Development, 2004). Such plans also involve detailed analysis of the organization’s cultural climate as well as its performance as it regards trends as well as alongside its competitors. This particular point made by Healy hits on an important aspect of management, as without a detailed understanding of the positive and negative aspects of the current organization’s performance, it becomes impossible for management to formulate and execute an effective plan for improvement of the company. Healy also correctly notes that such improvement can occur on more than one level, not the least of which is employee performance. This variable affects other important ones, such as organizational output and general performance (Packard, 2005). The article then demonstrates how organization development is considered to be organization-wide since it focuses on the total system. It explains OD as the method through which a system whose climate is managed from the top, so that the heads of the organization set examples concerning the methods of action to be taken at all lower levels of the company (Gallagher, 2000; Mindek, 2005). The ownership of the strategy by workers within the organization is thought to stem directly from this, as they are expected to take their cues from the executives. The article by Padraig Healy goes further by offering a practical application of the theory in a particular situation. It demonstrates how organization development was applied in the public sector and analyzes the success of the various approaches. The first step according to the organization development method is to implement a thorough analysis of and intervention into the performance of workers within that sector. Healy finds that that though most of the employed people are the natives within their working environment, the quality of much of the work done is substandard. In order to solve this problem, rigorous training has been undertaken in order to improve the quality of work, thus increasing the outputs and the level of performance from the workers (King & Colonies, 2006). According to this practical section of the article, training is implemented as a series of events, which includes various workshops, seminars and study visits (Healy, 2001; Lesmeister, 1992). It is significantly different from just adjusting the knowledge and skills of the employees in order to meet the demands of the organization; rather, it can be classified as action research that focuses on the implementation of proposed improvement plan and the charting of the results at each stage of the implementation. Training people in that context demonstrated how much of an investment employee development is, and shows the major requirement of time and money involved. Furthermore, the Healy article suggests reasons why such large-scale development might be a luxury that most developed countries would have difficulty achieving, though they would profit from it greatly (Healy 2001; McNamara, 1997). Strengths and Weaknesses In the article, Padraig Healy performs a good analysis in his consideration of the local situation as he shows himself able to highlight the fact that the organization development performed in the public sector is demonstrates benefits of (as well as the necessity for) rigorous planning. Showing how this is achieved through an in-depth visualization of the situation helps the reader understand not just the concept of organization development but its application to real life situations. Healy also demonstrates a commendable ability to highlight (within this specific Zimbabwean context) the need for astute, active, and honest CEOs that can identify and take ownership of problems and their causes. Since the organization that already existed within the nation had already been associated with weak organizational systems, the results of the application of the training to these leaders as well as to employees demonstrated the need for reforming the training models (Lesmeister, 1992). Healy’s article was also very adept at explaining the need to have key policy makers and leaders that are able to identify, re-examine and then redistribute the important roles involved in the organization. This proved more effective compared with its previous existence which was apparently at the district level (McCourt & Sola, 1999). In the Healy article, the concept of change is given great importance, emphasizing it all throughout the organization. This is in accordance with the theory of organization development, which is one that embraces change. Within the article, organization development is shown to be very important at the public sector level because it deals with various concerns, including human resources, changing the nature of the workplace, global markets and the overall acceleration of change. The fact that Healy gives a practical demonstration of the interplay of all these departments makes his argument for organization-wide development stronger (Kappeler, 2007). Furthermore, in the aspect of human resources, the article takes in consideration the most important player in the organization: the people who do the work. In demonstrating the importance of employee development and training, Healy represents this demographic as contributing the largest degree to the costs incurred by organizations. This approach is effective in demonstrating the dire need for training employees, which represent such a large portion of an organization’s investment and have the ability to determine the success or failure for the organization. The assessment of the areas in which the training program was successful and where it failed also served as a good method of demonstrating the effectiveness of the different types of training programs. Information from this article can therefore be synthesized with others in order to further refine the methods of training in the hope of finding or creating one that is most effective. The organization development weakness (as shown through the Healy article and his application of the concept in Zimbabwe) is its low level of efficacy in the short term. It can often prove self defeating that the real effect or outcome of organization development is most evident over a longer period of time—especially when organizational change is considered an expedient necessity. The paper demonstrates through its attempt to find an improved method of organization development, that even though more than one way exists, it is always best to have the luxury of time in which to implement any of the methods. However, one drawback of this paper is that it deals solely with methods of training, and does not mention other methods of organization development, such as employee promotion, merit-based pay, benefits attractive to already skilled personnel, and decrease of political control on public sector budgets (Besley & McLaren, 1993; Evans and Rauch, 1999; McCourt & Sola, 1999). Conclusion This article is essential in the field of organization development because it shows the various factors that are at play within public sector organizations and how they affect the different aspects of these companies. Healy’s Zimbabwe example presents a concrete look at the complexity of organization development, and how it requires the training of leaders, the careful planning of things, the setting of goals, and other concepts that interplay in the achievement of these goals. The article shows that organization development demands the totality of all the efforts beginning with the leaders (through management training) and then extending downward through the employees and into production. The Case of Petroleum Development Oman: Introduction Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) is considered to be the biggest oil explorer and producer in Oman. It is a national company that has the biggest share in the country’s oil production, accounting for about 90% of Oman’s crude oil and almost all of the country’s natural gas supply. PDO can be considered as a large organization, wherein other companies share in its interests, not only the country of Oman. Despite these strong points, the organization lacks unity in its management and leadership, and this disunity is funneled down to the level of employees. These problems are thought to contribute to a below-optimal production rate. Developmental Background In the Case of Petroleum Development Oman, it is managed and owned by separate entities which include the Government of Oman, having a 60% share of interest, Royal Dutch Shell which has a 34% interest, Total, who poses a 4% share of interest and Partex who has a 2% interest (PDO, 2007). Because of this, the leadership and management are not fully unified, and this disunity factor creates an important effect in the case of PDO’s organization development. First of all, the proper approach to (and implementation of) organization development could help usher in a renewal process, which PDO could encounter when and if it chooses to focus on the efficiency and collaboration of the administration. When ones speaks of efficiency, it is undeniable that PDO (like so many other organizations that are lacking in this aspect) just try to supplement this deficiency by increasing the size of the work force. Yet this has not solved the problem, but complicated it, as with the greater number of employees has come a larger responsibility for each managerial personnel. The difficulty of trying to manage a larger workforce with the limited amount of skill and unity has made the job of the manager that more difficult. In this, the company also demonstrates itself as being production oriented rather than employee focused. Yet the Islamic culture also plays a role in this set-up, where work teams are socialized to sacrifice their own comforts for the sake of the team objective. This is where organizational development has the opportunity to improve conditions at PDO. Leadership The leadership structure of the company is defined by a board of directors that control the different divisions of the company: North, South, and Gas divisions. This board consists of 12 members, and included in this number are the managing director and the deputy managing director. The managing director serves also as chairman of the board. The standard setters, as mentioned earlier, are directed or overseen by functional directors, who are also in charge of recruiting and allocating the staff under their jurisdiction. Presumably, they are also in charge of seeing to the capabilities of that staff, by means of training as well as other methods. These functional directors are also in charge of determining the production process, and are therefore termed â€Å"process owners† (PDO, 2007). The work of the Petroleum Development Oman’s board of directors is to devise and make available to the managing directors the objectives of the firm. This is therefore a direct allusion to the planning that takes place in the company’s organization development. The twelve-member board, which includes the Minister of Oil and Gas as chairman, are representatives of the country Oman’s government. This therefore points toward the inextricability of politics from the running of the company, and demonstrates that Petroleum Development Oman can be considered a definitively public-sector company. Therefore, the methods of training identified by the Healy study would appear to be applicable within this organization. Analyzing the situation from a developmental standpoint, one can see clearly that in several areas the principles of organization development are being properly applied in the case of this multinational company, Petroleum Development Oman. The notion of an organization is said to be a conglomeration of efforts from two or more people which are working together towards a common goal, and that is usually the issue of productivity and effectiveness. However, with management and leaders divided among governmental and private sectors, one might find some cause for alarm in the case of PDO. When it comes to the concept of leadership, the case of Petroleum Development Oman mirrors that of many other multinational organizations. PDO is headed by a number of leaders, since many owners exist within the corporation. The majority of the company’s shares is held by the government while the rest is divided up among several smaller companies. The divided nature of the ownership could give rise to the lack of unity regarding the decisions that must be made about the company’s management. However, the organization seems to have countered this through its representative board and the way it has chosen to structure its functionality division as the authors and directors of the company’s process.

Why Alexander the Great Was Great. - 1002 Words

It is quite common to go through life following the demands of society and refusing to be unique, allowing it to shape and characterise the lives within the society. In fact, society is even apt of delineating the lives amongst it. However Alexander III, King of Macedon, Pharaoh of Egypt, Supreme Commander in Chief of all Greeks and Emperor of Persia, was not a follower. He was the person leading society; the moulder, the shaper. Through his instantaneous reaction and actuation, he was able to make to important decisions, and it was evident that Alexander was a large influence on his people through the observations of his unconditional courage and bravery. The vicissitude he bequeathed to military tactics made it perceptible that he was†¦show more content†¦Stories of a celestial birth or omens of potential triumph had impacts on Alexander’s behaviour in both negative and positive aspects. Due to the fact that Alexander was so great, he charged head first into many ba ttles and won almost all of them. However, he forced his army into those battles, knowing that many would not come out alive. He risked so many lives for his own greater benefit because he thought he was so great and he thought that he was invincible. Despite this, he showed gratitude towards his men, paying off their debts as a gesture of thanks. Also, without the royal propaganda told to him, he may have never believed in himself as much as he did, he wouldn’t have conquered so much, he wouldn’t have been great. Therefore the royal propaganda benefited him more than it did weigh him down. Because of what he had achieved, what he had conquered, it was hard for many to believe that Alexander died in a drunken state. Despite the mistakes he made; neglecting his men’s wishes, executing anyone who disobeyed him, putting others at risk because of royal propaganda, Alexander had achieved so much which is why he is great. He founded seventy cities, and twenty-five are still substantiated which shows what a legend he was. He adapted his battle plans according to the environment he was in and the enemies he was facing showing that he learnt well and skilfully used his teacher’s, Aristotle, advice. Greatness is not a virtue that is obtained by everyone. It isShow MoreRelatedAlexander As A Man Of Greatness1434 Words   |  6 PagesAlexander III of Macedon also known as, Alexander the Great, made a name for himself many years ago but today his â€Å"greatness† is being questioned because of research conducted due to modern technology. In order for someone to be viewed as great, they would need lots of evidence supporting that they were a well-rounded person. I believe that alexander had rightfully earned this title because through my research I have only found evidence that Alexander was indeed a man of greatness. Although AlexanderRead MoreAlexander the Great Essay1358 Words   |  6 Pagesman named Alexander III of Macedon or more commonly known as, Alexander the Great. His father, King Phillip II, took the throne of Macedonia in 359 B.C.E and was able to turn Macedonia into the strongest military power in the entire Greek world. Macedonia was a state in the north eastern region of Greece. Alexander III of Macedon was born in 356 B.C.E in Pella; the ancient capital of Macedonia, Alexander grew up in the shadow of his father’s success in transforming Macedonia into a great militaryRead MoreWhat Made Alexander of Macedon Known as Alexander the Great?1114 Words   |  5 PagesWhy Alexander of Macedon is called â€Å"Alexander the great† and most successfully man in conquering the world known kingdoms? The answer is easy forward. Even though today after twenty-three centuries no man has accomplished like Alexander did. Alexander the Great, the king of Macedonia is one of the greatest military Intelligence of all times. Alexander was born in 356 BC in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia. He was son of Philip, King of Macedonia, and Olympias, the princess of neighboring EpirusRead MoreHistory : Genghis Khan, Julius Caesar, And Alexander The Great919 Words   |  4 Pageshroughout history, Genghis Khan, Julius Caesar, and Alexander the Great are successful conquerors in history. Genghis Khan a tyrant and a bloodthirsty villain during his period he conquered more territory than any other leader in history. Julius Caesar a great general that ever lived, he also knew how to elevate money for festivals and gifts. Lastly, Alexander the Great is a person who conquered many territories, had a large empir e, formed the Hellenistic culture, and became very successful. E.HRead MoreThe Importance Of Ramses II, Caesar, And Alexander The Great1136 Words   |  5 PagesI decided to write about are Ramses II, Caesar, and Alexander the Great. Each one of these kings were good in their own way however, also bad in other ways. Ramses II was born in 1303 BCE and died in 1213 BCE. He was the third pharaoh from Egypt in the Nineteenth Dynasty. Caesar was born in 100 BCE in Rome and died in 44 BCE. He made the Roman Empire possible. Lastly, Alexander the Great was born in 356 BCE in Macedon and died in 323 BCE. He was the king of the Ancient Greece. All three of these kingsRead MoreAlexander The Great : Why Is Alexander Considered Great?1669 Words   |  7 PagesALEXANDER THE GREAT Why is alexander considered great? Alexander III of Macedon or commonly known as Alexander the Great was the conqueror and king of the Persian Empire which is the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. He was born on the 20/21st July 356 BC in Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia. While in reign from 336 to 323 B.C, he united the Greek city-states and led the Corinthian League. He also became the king of Persia, Babylon and Asia as well as created Macedonian colonies in the regionRead MoreAlexander the Great Summary 16861 Words   |  4 PagesAlexander the Great Alexander the Great was the king of Macedonia, conqueror of the Persian Empire, and one of the greatest military geniuses of all times. Even at an early age, Alexander had the promise to become a great leader. Through all his victories and conquests, he has become a great hero and has had a large impact on history. That is why I chose he book Alexander the Great, by J.R. Hamilton for my review. Hamilton does a very good job with the story of Alexander the Great. The bookRead MoreHow Great Was Alexander The Great?810 Words   |  4 PagesHow Great Was Alexander the Great? You are trudging through the desert. The sun is blazing and you are already very dehydrated. You are very discouraged and are ready to give up. Some scouts came back from a search for water they are carrying a helmet in their hands. You see them walk past you towards the King. Of course he gets it. You get jealous and upset. You see him lift up the helmet †¦ and dump it on the sandy floor. What’s happening? Why did he waste it. You hear him speak, â€Å"If there is notRead MoreWhy Did Alexander Invade the Persian Territory1235 Words   |  5 PagesHST 225- 01-TRACEY MARTIN -042267773 â€Å"ALEXANDER THE GREAT AND THE HELLENISTIC AGE.† Why did Alexander invade the Persian territory? The question on why Alexander invaded the Persian territory has only been guessed at by historians in the past. The true reason why, may never be known. What is known however is the fact that Alexander had continued what many before him had done, invade the Persian territoryRead MoreWho Was Alexander The Great?1457 Words   |  6 PagesWho was Alexander the Great? History has recorded that he was a man of many feats. Born in Macedonia he would later become an excellent solder, a great man and an intelligent politician. Many look to him as one of histories greatest leaders and greatest of men. Being the young man he was and the leader of a nation, it brought out a hunger for victory. Shown by his military tactics and the amount territory that he conquered. His wisdom and intelligent mind may have been due to the fact that his mentor